Him that you shall all be mustered. (23:80) It is He Who gives life and causes death, and He holds mastery over the glories of a great kingdom. 22 (76:21) They [i.e., the virtuous] shall be attired in garments of fine green

has caused a stream of water to flow beneath you. (19:25) Shake the trunk of the palm-tree towards yourself and fresh and ripe

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Not only that, they had been made responsible for carrying on the Prophet’s mission, which he had bequeathed to them, in a perfected form on both conceptual and practical levels. It was no longer necessary for the Qur’anic verses to be arranged in chronological sequence. In the changed context, it had become necessary for the bearers of the mission of the Prophet (peace be on him) to be informed of their duties and of the true principles and laws governing their lives. fear Allah without seeing Him. 18 (67:13) Whether you speak in secrecy or aloud, (it is all the same to Allah). The Qur’an speaks of the structure of the heavens and the earth and of man, refers to the signs of reality in the various phenomena of the universe, relates anecdotes of bygone nations, criticizes the beliefs, morals and deeds of different peoples, eluci­dates supernatural truths and discusses many other things besides. except disbelief and ingratitude. 65 (25:51) Had We so willed, We would have raised up in every town a warner. 66 (25:52) So, (O Prophet), do not follow the unbelievers but engage in a mighty and Who has power over everything; 3 (67:2) Who created death and life that He might try you as to which of you

A fundamental knowledge of reality was furnished and miscon­ceptions commonly held by people in that regard – misconceptions which gave rise to wrong orientation in life – were removed. past). Scourged be the people who do not believe! 38 (23:45) Then We sent Moses and his brother Aaron with Our Signs and a clear Many people reacted with hostility, either from ignorance or egotism, or because of chauvinistic attachment to the way of life of their forefathers. It would be foreign to the very nature of the Qur’an to group together in one place all verses relating to a specific subject; the nature of the Qur’an requires that the reader should find teachings revealed during the Madinan period interspersed with those of the Makkan period, and vice versa. It requires the juxtaposition of early discourses with instructions from the later period of the life of the Prophet. Chronology in Quran – Towards Understanding the QuranIf these ideas had lost their hold on the hearts and minds of people, the Islamic movement could not have moved forward in its true spirit. If we reflect on this, it also becomes evident why the Prophet (peace be on him) did not arrange the Qur’an in the sequence in which it was revealed. As we have noted, the context in which the Qur’an was revealed in the course of twenty-three years was the mission and movement of the Prophet; the revelations correspond with the various stages of this mission and movement. He should have a son). He is Allah: the One, the Overpowering. 9 (39:5) He created the heavens and the earth with Truth, 10 and

and Zakah (purifying alms) as long as I live; (19:32) and has made me dutiful to my mother. 20a He has not made guide the unbelievers (to succeed against you). (5:68) Say to them: 'People of the Book! You have no solid ground to stand

Towards Understanding the Quran

The Lord of creation, the Creator and Sovereign of the entire universe, created man on earth (which is merely a part of His boundless realm). He also endowed man with the capacity for cognition, reflection and understanding, with the ability to distin­guish between good and evil, with the freedom of choice and volition, and with the power to exercise his latent potentialities. In short, God bestowed upon man a kind of autonomy and appointed him His vicegerent on earth. for ever. 11 (23:12) We created man out of the extract of clay, (23:13) then We made him into a drop of life-germ, then We placed it in a To fulfil this self-assumed responsibility God chose to appoint those human beings whose faith in Him was outstanding and who followed the way pleasing to Him. God chose these people to be His envoys. He had His messages communicated to them, honored them with an intimate knowledge of reality, provided them with the true laws of life and entrusted them with the task of recalling man to the original path from which he had strayed. *

bring disgrace upon those who deny the Truth." [9:3] This is a public proclamation by Allah and His Messenger to all people

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as a reward for their deeds. (46:15) We have enjoined man to be kind to his parents. In pain did his mother vol. 2, pp. 59 ff.; Ibn Rushd, Biddyat al-Mujtahid, 2 vols., Cairo, Al-Maktabahal-Tijariyahal-Kubra, nor was your mother an unchaste woman." (19:29) Thereupon Mary pointed to the child. They exclaimed: "How can we