The assessment of the scorecards for both EMAs and ERMAs was made after the end of the respective period on the basis of evidence that was collected by the Department for Transport ( DfT) and franchisee during the period. We welcome the announcement today by the Secretary of State of a plan for the future of the UK rail industry with the expertise, innovation and experience of private sector rail operators at the heart of the model. The National Rail Contracts agreed for SWR and TPE leave us well-placed for lower risk, cash generative rail operations on those two networks. We have long called for this transition to a new contract structure with a far better balance of risk and reward, and which benefits customers by a clearer focus on performance, including the introduction of a new set of passenger service metrics. Here is an example of how the configuration should be: config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :smtp Scoring was undertaken ‘in the round’ for each criterion. For example, although there was a single overall score for the customer experience, this involved a number of elements (station and train cleanliness, maintenance, staff deployment and the passenger journey experience). The evaluation score, therefore, reflected the overall score for those elements taken together, in each case using the judgement of the independent evaluators. From the results provided in the previous section it becomes clear that certain factors affect induced voltage more than others. Probably the greatest contributor is current imbalance. A small increase from balanced to 1% imbalance in the +120° phase conductor (that is just 8 amps of imbalance in this example) almost doubled the induced voltage seen at the rail circuit. Finding 1% of current imbalance is not uncommon in the field.

Rail systems have to consider many electromagnetic problems when it comes to keeping railroads safe. Electromagnetic effects pose significant risks to both Rail Applications and safety. Lightning, RF Interference, EMI/EMC, and more can produce safety hazards, reduce operating capacity and performance, and damage components and systems. EMA ® has been helping to solve these types of problems for decades. Railroad companies and power distribution networks often work together by sharing the same right of way. There are several concerns surrounding power transmission lines in proximity to railways. Current running in transmission line conductors produce an electric field that induces a voltage in the railroad circuits running parallel to them. When a new transmission line is being planned it’s important to make sure that its inherent design does not cause operating issues with railroad circuits. This means that at steady-state nominal current flow the voltage induced in the rail circuits is at least below the 50 Vrms IEEE human safety standard, ideally lower to increase signaling efficiency.

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There are four train stations near East Midlands Airport. Which station you connect at depends on where you’re travelling to and from. East Midlands Parkway train station The new contracts allow us to make an early start on key reforms, including requiring operators to co-ordinate better with each other and driving down the railways’ excessive capital costs. When examining the effects of overhead power lines on railroad circuits there are many factors that can contribute to unwanted induced voltage. The two largest factors are the level of current running through the conductors and the physical layout of the power poles and phase conductors in relation to the rails. Other factors that add to induction are phase conductor geometry, current imbalance and ground conductivity. When planning a new power line that shares a right of way with a rail circuit it is imperative to know that its inherent characteristics will not poorly effect signaling, rail detection and other rail circuits. Numerical Solution for Effects of Overhead Power Transmission Lines In the NRC period, TPE will continue to be at the heart of transformation plans for rail in the North of England and into Scotland, including:FirstGroup plc (‘FirstGroup’ or ‘The Group’) is pleased to announce the agreement of National Rail Contracts (‘NRCs’) with the Department for Transport (‘DfT’) for its South Western Railway (‘SWR’) and TransPennine Express (‘TPE’) train operating companies. The new NRCs will commence on 30 May 2021, when the current Emergency Recovery Measures Agreements (‘ERMAs’) come to an end. The Department for Transport ( DfT) put in place emergency measures agreements ( EMAs) with privately owned franchised train operating companies ( TOCs) to mitigate the financial impacts resulting from the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and ensure that rail services could continue to operate.

Another common contributor to induced voltage is current imbalance in the transmission line. This happens when the current in each phase conductor drifts apart. Ideally they would all be the same current but often this is impossible to achieve especially for distribution lines because they feed many different commercial devices directly. FirstGroup bears no revenue risk and very limited cost risk under an annual budget agreed with DfT; there is also no significant contingent capital riskThe railway will have a renewed and much sharper focus on delivering a reliable service which passengers and freight users can trust. This links to Keith Williams’ root-and-branch review of the railway. These measures have his full support, and will pave the way for a White Paper on the wider future of the railway during the ERMA period. The DfT retains cost risk up to the agreed annual business plan budgetary levels, with change protections. Under the NRC, the operating company bears the risk of costs in excess of the agreed annual budget unless agreed in advance with the DfT. Contractual change mechanisms exist that allow the budget to be increased for items outside of the operating company’s control or changes requested by the DfT. EMA’s numerical solver is designed to work with serval inputs to produce its results. For the following example the physical location of each tower will remain constant, as well as the length of the circuit examined. Other valid inputs held constant in this document are phase conductor rotation and multiple rail sets. All power transmission is assumed to be at normal status and situations involving fault current and emergency loads are not considered in the document. Figure 1 and 2 diagram the towers and railroad circuit with relative dimensions. Carson’s Method Traditional 2D models miss critical spatial features that require approximations that are error prone but very important to the problem. 3D analyses are therefore required, but rail systems are difficult to analyze in many software environments due to their size. Railroad Signal Protection: Planning New Power Transmission lines or Planning around Existing Lines

The necessity to incorporate mitigations and hardness against RF Interference, EMI/EMC, and other electromagnetic effects hazards become more important as the complexity of Rail Applications increases. All of these effects can impact train safety and performance. New NRCs for SWR and TPE have a two-year term to May 2023 with options to extend by up to two further years to May 2025 continued high levels of performance, investment in stations and depots and further steps made to improve the accessibility of the railway

Introduction

SWR and TPE will continue to be fully consolidated in the Group accounts with the net cost of operations and capex to be funded in advance by the DfT. Derby train station is 12 miles from East Midlands Airport. Connect at Derby train station for journeys to and from Sheffield, Chesterfield and Birmingham, as well as other destinations to the north and west of the UK. The frequent Skylink bus connects the train station to East Midlands Airport. Nottingham train station which train company you travelled with – different companies have different schemes, but they all offer compensation If you are travelling and arrive late at your destination due to a cancelled or delayed service, you may be able to claim compensation. You will need to request compensation directly from your train company. the final roll out of new Nova fleets of trains across the network, offering greater capacity and flexibility