The human history of the park began at least 11,000 years ago when Native Americans began to hunt and fish in the region. During the construction of the post office in Gardiner, Montana, in the 1950s, an obsidian point of Clovis origin was found that dated from approximately 11,000 years ago. [22] These Paleo-Indians, of the Clovis culture, used the significant amounts of obsidian found in the park to make cutting tools and weapons. Arrowheads made of Yellowstone obsidian have been found as far away as the Mississippi Valley, indicating that a regular obsidian trade existed between local tribes and tribes farther east. [23] When the Lewis and Clark Expedition entered present-day Montana in 1805 they encountered the Nez Perce, Crow, and Shoshone tribes who described to them the Yellowstone region to the south, but they chose not to investigate. [24] Each of the three climactic eruptions released vast amounts of ash that blanketed much of central North America, falling many hundreds of miles away. The amount of ash and gases released into the atmosphere probably caused significant impacts on world weather patterns and led to the extinction of some species, primarily in North America. [88] Boardwalks allow visitors to safely approach the thermal features, such as Grand Prismatic Spring. History & Culture". General Grant National Memorial. National Park Service. July 25, 2006. Archived from the original on April 13, 2012 . Retrieved April 23, 2007. a b "Defenders of Wildlife". A Yellowstone Chronology. Archived from the original on June 7, 2007 . Retrieved March 19, 2007.

The Yellowstone Thermophiles Conservation Project". World Foundation for Environment and Development. April 27, 2004. Archived from the original on March 20, 2007 . Retrieved March 15, 2007. Species of Special Concern". National Park Service. July 28, 2006. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007 . Retrieved March 19, 2007. Justin Farrell, The Battle for Yellowstone: Morality and the Sacred Roots of Environmental Conflict (Princeton UP, 2015).

The history of branding, however, is far more fascinating – yet every bit as straightforward as the practice itself. Atherton, Matt (February 15, 2016). "God of the underworld microbes Hadesarchaea discovered living on toxic gas deep below Yellowstone hot springs". IB Times. Archived from the original on February 29, 2016 . Retrieved February 25, 2016. Yellowstone is a popular American western drama series, released in 2018. By today, 5 seasons of 41 episodes have already been filmed. The plot of the series revolves around a Peaceful family on a ranch in Montana, who are forced to confront people wanting to take away their rightful land. Meaning and history

Yellowstone National Park". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. August 31, 1992 . Retrieved October 13, 2020. The four kinds of marks are letters of the alphabet, numbers, lines, circles, and pictures. The letters and numbers come in different variations, including walking, flying, dragged, and lazy. To minimize the chances of out-of-control fires and threats to people and structures, park employees do more than just monitor the potential for fire. Controlled burns are prescribed fires that are deliberately started to remove dead timber under conditions that allow firefighters an opportunity to carefully control where and how much wood is consumed. Natural fires are sometimes considered prescribed fires if they are left to burn. In Yellowstone, unlike some other parks, there have been very few fires deliberately started by employees as prescribed burns. However, over the last 30 years, over 300 natural fires have been allowed to burn naturally. In addition, firefighters remove dead and down wood and other hazards from areas where they will be a potential fire threat to lives and property, reducing the chances of fire danger in these areas. [150] Fire monitors also regulate fire through educational services to the public and have been known to temporarily ban campfires from campgrounds during periods of high fire danger. The common notion in early United States land management policies was that all forest fires were bad. The fire was seen as a purely destructive force and there was little understanding that it was an integral part of the ecosystem. Consequently, until the 1970s, when a better understanding of wildfire was developed, all fires were suppressed. This led to an increase in dead and dying forests, which would later provide the fuel load for fires that would be much harder, and in some cases, impossible to control. The latest Fire Management Plan (2014) allows natural fires to burn if they posed no immediate threat to lives and property. [151] A crown fire approaches the Old Faithful complex on September 7, 1988.Yellowstone National Park's First 130 Years". Yellowstone History. National Park Service. Archived from the original on November 9, 2013 . Retrieved February 28, 2007. As of 2017 [update], an estimated 700 grizzly bears were living in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, [129] with about 150 grizzlies living wholly or partially within Yellowstone National Park. [130] The grizzly was initially listed as a threatened species in the contiguous United States on July 28, 1975, by the Fish and Wildlife Service. The grizzly bear was taken off the endangered species list in 2007. [131] Opponents of delisting the grizzly expressed concerns that states might once again allow hunting and that better conservation measures were needed to ensure a sustainable population. [132] A federal district judge overturned the delisting ruling in 2009, reinstating the grizzly; however, the grizzly was once again removed from the list in 2017. [131] In September 2018, a U.S. district judge ruled that the grizzly's protections must be restored in full, arguing the Fish and Wildlife Service was mistaken in removing the bear from the threatened status list. [133] Regardless of the rulings, hunting is prohibited within Yellowstone National Park. Hunters who legally hunt animals outside park boundaries may transport the carcass through the park with a permit. [134] Elk in Hayden Valley Baldwin, Kenneth H. (1976). "Enchanted Enclosure-Historic Roads in the National Park System-Chapter 2 – The Raynolds Expedition of 1860". Historical Division, Office of the Chief Of Engineers, United States Army. Archived from the original on December 9, 2011 . Retrieved May 7, 2011. Yellowstone Lookouts". Yellowstone Wildland Fire. National Park Service. October 25, 2006. Archived from the original on December 16, 2006 . Retrieved March 21, 2007.

The Yellowstone Park bison herd is believed to be one of only four free-roaming and genetically pure herds on public lands in North America. The other three herds are the Henry Mountains bison herd of Utah, at Wind Cave National Park in South Dakota, and in Elk Island National Park in Alberta. [121] Hayden and his 1871 party recognized Yellowstone as a unique place that should be available for further research. He also was encouraged to preserve it for others to see and experience it as well. In 1873, Congress authorized and funded a survey to find a wagon route to the park from the south which was completed by the Jones Expedition of 1873. [38] Eventually the railroads and, sometime after that, the automobile would make that possible. The park was not set aside strictly for ecological purposes; however, the designation "pleasure ground" was not an invitation to create an amusement park. Hayden imagined something akin to the scenic resorts and baths in England, Germany, and Switzerland. [35]Main articles: Animals of Yellowstone, Birds of Yellowstone National Park, History of wolves in Yellowstone, Yellowstone Park Bison Herd, Small mammals of Yellowstone National Park, Fishes of Yellowstone National Park, and Amphibians and reptiles of Yellowstone National Park

a b "Volcanic History of the Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field". Yellowstone Volcano Observatory. U.S. Geological Survey. February 2, 2007. Archived from the original on March 18, 2007 . Retrieved March 12, 2007. Climate data for Yellowstone National Park – Mammoth, Wyoming, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1894–present

Hunting is not permitted, though it is allowed in the surrounding national forests during the open season. Fishing is a popular activity, and a Yellowstone Park fishing license is required to fish in park waters. [178] Many park waters are fly fishing only and all native fish species are catch and release only. [179] Boating is prohibited on rivers and creeks except for a 5 miles (8.0km) stretch of the Lewis River between Lewis and Shoshone lakes, and it is open to non-motorized use only. Yellowstone Lake has a marina at Bridge Bay while there is a boat ramp at the Lewis lake campground. [180] Vintage photo of human-habituated bears seeking food from visitors The plot of the series revolves around the Dalton family, whose head John Dutton (Kevin Costner) owns one of the largest ranches in the United States. Such a huge territory requires no less responsibility because many people want to encroach on it. Information Every Visitor Needs to Know". National Park Service. March 6, 2007. Archived from the original on September 23, 2013 . Retrieved March 21, 2007. Grizzly Bears". nps.gov. National Park Service. April 2, 2018. Archived from the original on October 10, 2018. Retrieved December 19, 2018.