However, the stair railings should be no less than 1 ½ inches from the wall. This number comes from the fact that you must ensure that someone using the stairs could run their hand up the rails the entire way. Arc’Teryx is known for its highly technical and consequently high-priced mountainwear. Over the past few years, however, the company has branched out into trail-running kit, including shoes. The LD 3 is its latest model, designed for running from road to trail. The 4mm lugs on the Vibram MegaGrip outsole provide medium levels of grip on gravelly surfaces, while being comfortable enough to run shorter sections on the road. The lugs cut through mud dependably and our testers found they provided stellar and dependable traction for dusty ascents. Rustic design is focused more on using the natural beauty of the world around you instead of leaning toward an industrialized design. So, if you wanted a rustic style home, you would probably lean toward solid wood instead of a metal or glass railings.

Overall, this is a great offroad all-rounder, capable of performing well over a wide variety of distances and terrains – and only improved by the handful of technical updates and weight reduction in the new model.

Despite conscription, and the success women had achieved during the war, once it ended, most women were forced to leave any uniformed job to make way for men returning from war. A handful of women kept their jobs, but they were usually stationed in rural or isolated settings – areas where men were not applying for work. There were also situations in which rail managers were keen to keep on war widows, especially those with dependents. However, union officials often applied pressure; complaining until these women were dismissed and replaced by, often untrained, men. Women in rail: a difficult journey through time

British Transport Police Detective Chief Inspector Sarah White, said:"Unfortunately, incidents of sexual harassment are significantly under-reported as many people have come to accept this type of behaviour in public places. This needs to change. On top of our ongoing specialist patrols and covert officerson the network, we are committed to working alongside TfL to make the Underground, rail and tram networks a hostileenvironment for sexual harassment by encouraging everyone to report it to us. Each report we receive provides us with valuable information which we can use to build an accurate picture of an offender. Often it allows us to notice their behaviour patterns so we can take action. Save 61016 in your phone if you ever need us, no report is too small or too trivial and we will always take you seriously." So as long as the rail industry fails to properly draw from the 50% of available talent represented by women, it is likely to be less innovative, less efficient and less productive than it ought to be. Other speakers included Alexandra Batey, HS2 Ltd Phase 2b Development Director, Lydia Fairman, Head of Capability and Skills Development for Network Rail and Great British Railways Transition Team (GBRTT), Rachel Fullard, Rail Delivery Group National Rail Service Analyst, and Chair of WR RIA EDI Charter Working Group, Mark Johnson, Southeastern Engineering and Major Programmes Director, Leon Lloyd, Director of Centrum Solutions and former England international rugby player, Nia Mellor, Detective Chief Inspector in the British Transport Police, Mandeep Singh, D/Gauge Marketing Manager and Vice-Chair, WR RIA EDI Charter Working Group and Fi Westcough, Atkins Consultant (Strategic Rail) and National Chair YRP. Leon Lloyd is a former England international rugby player, who has played at the highest level and against elite players such as Jonah Lomu, (and survived!). He won 11 trophies whilst playing with the English and European Champions, Leicester Tigers. Since retiring from playing the sport, he has gained a first-class honours degree in Leadership and Management, followed by an MBA receiving a Distinction. He has gone on to work with other elite organisations that include the SAS and the Premier League. So, why is there still a gender imbalance in rail – why aren’t there more women seeking employment in rail?Other measures to keep everyone safe on the network include more than 2,500 police and police community support officers and 500 TfL enforcement officers patrolling, thousands of frontline transport staff present across the network to support customers and an extensive CCTV network. The police also carry out targeted policing and investigation activity to identify and apprehend sexual offenders.TfL will also join forces with the British Transport Police and Metropolitan Police Service for a week of action to mark the launch of the campaign. The activity will include high visibility reassurance policing patrols and engagement activity with passengers to give them an opportunity to speak to the police about this issue and any concerns they have. Targeted police activity to deal with known offenders or hotspot locations will continue during the week of action. The conference started with a fun and enlightening EDI-related icebreaker hosted by Lucy Dyer, an Apprentice Civil Engineer at SLC Rail and member of Women in Rail West Midlands Committee. Spiral staircases often feature two interesting elements called cut stringers and winders. Cut stringers are the open sided carriage that is the main framing member running diagonally to support spiral stairs. A handrail is required for a staircase with four risers or more. It’s important to note that this says four “risers,” not four “steps.” This is crucial because it means you need to count the level of the next floor as a step. The stair banister rail should also project no more than 4 ½ inches from the wall it is mounted on. The minimum distance a rail should have for clearance between the rail and wall is 1 ½ inches to provide adequate room for holding the handrails.