Roman conquest of Anglesey – Anglesey in North West is left under Roman rule, being completed the conquest of Wales and northern England.

The ancient Roman civilisation began in 753 BC when King Romulus founded the city of Rome (naming it after himself). Over the next thousand years, this small city grew into a large empire. The ancient Romans became one of the most influential civilisations in history, conquering areas in Europe, Africa and Asia. A map showing the reach of the Roman Empire Battle of the Angrivarian Wall (16) - Legions under Germanicus defeat the Germanic troops of Arminius, ending the campaigns. BC – Battle of Vesuvius – Romans under P. Decius Mus and T. Manlius Imperiosus Torquatus defeat the rebellious Latins.Public toilets were such scary places full of rats and other terrors that the Romans often used magic spells and asked the gods for help when they used them. Battle of Naissus – Emperor Gallienus and his generals Claudius and Aurelian decisively defeat the Goths. War of Actium (32-30 BC) In which Octavian wins Mark Antony and Cleopatra conquering the Greek Kingdom of Ptolemaic Egypt.

The Roman army was made up of legions which had nearly 5000 men each. Legions were organised in a very specific way: As before, once opposition to the triumvirate was crushed, it started to tear at itself. The triumvirate expired on the last day of 33 BC and was not renewed in law and in 31 BC, war began again. At the Battle of Actium, [243] Octavian decisively defeated Antony and Cleopatra in a naval battle near Greece, using fire to destroy the enemy fleet. [244] BC, 6 October – Battle of Arausio – Cimbri inflict a major defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius MaximusRomans generally ate foods they could grow, rear or catch. Poorer Romans would eat vegetables and grains, only having meat occasionally when they could afford it (or catch it for themselves). Richer Romans had a much wider variety of foods and ate meat regularly. The extensive campaigning abroad by Rome, and the rewarding of soldiers with plunder from those campaigns, led to the trend of soldiers becoming increasingly loyal to their commanders rather than to the state, and a willingness to follow their generals in battle against the state. [183] Rome was plagued by several slave uprisings during this period, in part because in the past century vast tracts of land had been given to veterans who farmed by use of slaves and who came to greatly outnumber their Roman masters. In the last century BC, at least twelve civil wars and rebellions occurred. This pattern did not break until Octavian (later Caesar Augustus) ended it by becoming a successful challenger to the Senate's authority, and was made princeps (emperor). Subsequently, the Latin cities of Corniculum, old Ficulea, Cameria, Crustumerium, Ameriola, Medullia and Nomentum were subdued and became Roman. [24] Servius Tullius (Ruled 578–535 BC) [ edit ] Justin Blake, Archaeologist: What we’re looking for is the little things that they’ve dropped and left behind: shoes, writing tablets, little bits of weapons and armour and like a detective, those are the clues that we use to find out what the Roman people were doing here all that time ago.

Battle of the Trebia – Hannibal defeats the Romans under Tiberius Sempronius Longus with the use of an ambush. The First Macedonian War saw the Romans involved directly in only limited land operations. When the Aetolians sued for peace with Philip, Rome's small expeditionary force, with no more allies in Greece, was ready to make peace. Rome had achieved its objective of pre-occupying Philip and preventing him from aiding Hannibal. [141] A treaty was drawn up between Rome and Macedon at Phoenice in 205 BC which promised Rome a small indemnity, [125] formally ending the First Macedonian War. [142]

BC – Battle of Baecula – Romans in Hispania ( Iberia) under P. Cornelius Scipio the Younger defeat Hasdrubal Barca. About 154 BC, [128] a major revolt was re-ignited in Numantia, which is known as the First Numantine War, [127] and a long war of resistance was fought between the advancing forces of the Roman Republic and the Lusitani tribes of Hispania. The praetor Servius Sulpicius Galba and the proconsul Lucius Licinius Lucullus arrived in 151 BC and began the process of subduing the local population. [130] In 150 BC, Galba betrayed the Lusitani leaders he had invited to peace talks and had them killed, ingloriously ending the first phase of the war. [130] When his Sicilian campaign was also ultimately a failure, and at the request of his Italian allies, Pyrrhus returned to Italy to face Rome once more. In 275 BC, Pyrrhus again met the Roman army at the Battle of Beneventum. [80] This time the Romans had devised methods to deal with the war elephants, including the use of javelins, [80] fire [83] and, one source claims, simply hitting the elephants heavily on the head. [77] While Beneventum was indecisive, [83] Pyrrhus realised that his army had been exhausted and reduced by years of foreign campaigns, and seeing little hope for further gains, he withdrew completely from Italy.

The calendar that we use today is based very closely on one that was developed by the Romans. The Julian calendar (named after Julius Caesar who developed it) split the year into twelve month, giving each month a name, such as Augustus, September or Julius. Now, for the Romans, barbarians were local tribes who lived on the other side of the wall in what’s now, northern England and Scotland. Roman conquest of the Nabataeans (106) – The Third Cyrenaica legion moved north from Egypt into Arabia Petraea, while the Sixth Ferrata legion, a Syrian garrison unit, moved south to occupy Bostra. The months January and February are thought to have been added by the Roman ruler Numa Pompilus, in 700-600s BC. This made the calendar 355 days long. He also added an additional month called Mercedonius, which was included in the calendar every other year. In these years the calendar was 377 days long.Gnaeus Julius Agricola's planned invasion of Hibernia – Aborted Roman attempt of conquest Ireland due to other priorities. [8] The Romans built communal bath houses for people to bathe in. Bathing was important in ancient Rome, both for keeping clean and as a social activity. People would go to the bathhouses to socialise and relax, as well as to keep clean. Historic Roman communal baths in Bath, England. the Second Macedonian War (200–197 BC), during which the Romans declared "the freedom of Greece" from the Macedonian Kings. Elton, Hugh and Christos Nüssli, " Imperial Battle Map Index". An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors. Tacitus claims that Orkney was "discovered and subdued", but Thomson (2008) pp. 4–5 is as sceptical about Tacitus's claims on behalf of Agricola as he is about Claudius's earlier subjugation of Orkney (see above).