Principles of Anatomy and Physiology

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Directional terms are used to describe the relative position of one body part to another. These terms are listed in Table 1.

Adaptive Assignments Powered by Knewton ignite students’ confidence to persist so that they can succeed in their courses and beyond. By continuously adapting to each student’s needs and providing achievable goals with just-in-time instruction, Adaptive Assignments close knowledge gaps to accelerate learning. is the study of the larger structures of the body, those visible without the aid of magnification ( Figure 1.2 a). Macro- means “large,” thus, gross anatomy is also referred to as macroscopic anatomy. In contrast, micro- means “small,” and An organ is a group of different kinds of tissues working together to perform a particular activity. The heart is an organ composed of muscle, nervous, connective, and epithelial tissues.

D Physiology uses state-of-the-art 3D visualization to bring the 15 most complicated topics for students to learn and teachers to teach to life. The most requested topic, The Countercurrent Mechanism, helps students visualize a dense, very complex physiological process. Each animation is fully accessible and includes transcript and speed controls that allow students to absorb the material on their own terms. What’s New: At the chemical level, atoms, molecules (combinations of atoms), and the chemical bonds between atoms provide the framework upon which all living activity is based. Sagittal planes divide a body or organ vertically into right and left parts. If the right and left parts are equal, the plane is a midsagittal plane; if they're unequal, the plane is a parasagittal plane. Lecture Slides: PowerPoint presentations cover key concepts allowing the instructor to illustrate important topics with images, figures, and problems presented throughout the course. specific molecules and ions. Even the three-dimensional structure of certain molecules is essential to their function.

Living systems can be defined from various perspectives, from the broad (looking at the entire earth) to the minute (individual atoms). Each perspective provides information about how or why a living system functions: New Opening Questions: Each chapter starts with questions designed to stimulate interest and class discussion, accompanied by new illustrations. are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written is the scientific study of the body’s structures. Some of these structures are very small and can only be observed and analyzed with the assistance of a microscope. Other larger structures can readily be seen, manipulated, measured, and weighed. ThePractitioner’s Perspective Videos: These engaging videos share the perspective of the clinician on a clinical case study. The clinicians represent an array of possible future careers for the students, including doctors and nurses but also EMT, audiologist, acupuncturist, and radiologic technician. The practitioners are diverse and represent broad student populations. Each of these practitioner’s share an engaging story about a person who is experiencing a disease state such as kidney stones, multiple sclerosis, burns, or a cochlear implant.

Gross (macroscopic) anatomy is the study of body parts visible to the naked eye, such as the heart or bones. An organ system is two or more organs working together to accomplish a particular task. The digestive system, for example, involves the coordinated activities of many organs, including the mouth, stomach, small and large intestines, pancreas, and liver. Figure 1.2 Gross and Microscopic Anatomy (a) Gross anatomy considers large structures such as the brain. (b) Microscopic anatomy can deal with the same structures, though at a different scale. This is a micrograph of nerve cells from the brain. LM × 1600. (credit a: A frontal (coronal) plane divides the body or organ vertically into front (anterior) and rear (posterior) parts. Authors: J. Gordon Betts, Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Eddie Johnson, Brandon Poe, Dean H. Kruse, Oksana Korol, Jody E. Johnson, Mark Womble, Peter DeSaix

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Interactive VitalSource e-Text: Students can easily search content, highlight and take notes, access instructor’s notes and highlights, and read offline to any device. is the scientific study of the chemistry and physics of the structures of the body and the ways in which they work together to support the functions of life. Much of the study of physiology centers on the body’s tendency toward homeostasis.