A CHANGE OF CLIMATE

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A changing climate impacts crop growth and human health, while many people may need to leave their homes. It places certain species at an increased risk of extinction. The effects of climate change are real, and they are already happening. This piece was originally published on 16 December 2021 and the latest update is based on UNEP's ActNow Speak Up! campaign. The leading cause of climate change is human activity and the release of greenhouse gases. However, there are lots of natural causes that also lead to changes in the climate system.

Although it is unequivocal that climate change affects human health, it remains challenging to accurately estimate the scale and impact of many climate-sensitive health risks. However, scientific advances progressively allow us to attribute an increase in morbidity and mortality to global warming, and more accurately determine the risks and scale of these health threats. Came across this book by Hilary Mantel when it was suggested by Girish, one of my GR and whatsapp book group friends for a monthly challenge. If you can, switch to a zero-carbon or renewable energy provider. Install solar panels on your roof. Be more efficient: turn your heating down a degree or two, if possible. Switch off appliances and lights when you are not using them and better yet buy the most efficient products in the first place (hint: this will save you money!). Insulate your loft or roof: you’ll be warmer in the winter, cooler in the summer and save some money too.Some amount of climate change can be attributed to natural phenomena. Over the course of Earth’s existence, volcanic eruptions, fluctuations in solar radiation, tectonic shifts, and even small changes in our orbit have all had observable effects on planetary warming and cooling patterns. At the root of climate change is the phenomenon known as the greenhouse effect, the term scientists use to describe the way that certain atmospheric gases “trap” heat that would otherwise radiate upward, from the planet’s surface, into outer space. On the one hand, we have the greenhouse effect to thank for the presence of life on earth; without it, our planet would be cold and unlivable.

While no one is safe from these risks, the people whose health is being harmed first and worst by the climate crisis are the people who contribute least to its causes, and who are least able to protect themselves and their families against it: people in low-income and disadvantaged countries and communities. Climate change is the long-term shift in average weather patterns across the world. Since the mid-1800s, humans have contributed to the release of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the air. This causes global temperatures to rise, resulting in long-term changes to the climate. Climate change evidence How are humans changing the climate? However, since the Industrial Revolution, we've been adding more and more greenhouse gases into the air, trapping even more heat. Instead of keeping Earth at a warm, stable temperature, the greenhouse effect is heating the planet at a much faster rate. We call this the 'enhanced greenhouse effect'and it's the main cause of climate change. Human causes of climate change Our UK Climate Projections (UKCP) help us see how climate change might affect the UK in the future. When greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide build in the atmosphere, they act like a blanket around the earth. When sunlight (mostly short-wave radiation) hits this blanket, it passes straight through and continues until it reaches the surface of the planet.One-quarter of human-made greenhouse gas emissions come from burning fossil fuels for electricity and heat production. They live in England but later move to Africa as missionaries, not as religious one but for doing some good work only. This image shows that the five warmest years have all occurredsince 2006. Cooler years are blue, while warmer years are red. Climate change is changing water availability, making it scarcer in more regions. Global warming exacerbates water shortages in already water-stressed regions and is leading to an increased risk of agricultural droughts affecting crops, and ecological droughts increasing the vulnerability of ecosystems. Droughts can also stir destructive sand and dust storms that can move billions of tons of sand across continents. Deserts are expanding, reducing land for growing food. Many people now face the threat of not having enough water on a regular basis. Burning fossil fuels produces energy, but also releases greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous monoxide into the air. Over time, large quantities of these gases have built up in the atmosphere.

Areas with weak health infrastructure – mostly in developing countries – will be the least able to cope without assistance to prepare and respond. Evidence has shown that the high levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are the leading cause of increasing global temperatures. The mother and father guard a secret, an event in their past that has marked them and shaped them into who they are. Another book about family secrets. Hilary Mantel and Jane Gardam should be given the honor of being titled before they pass. We will not see their insight and precise placements of emotion with full intelligent wit in such human histories every decade. This depth is rare. Age has just made them so much more than better- they are perfect masters of writing the human reality and heart. For example, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere rose by 40% during the 20th and 21st century and is now over 400ppm (parts per million). In 2019, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was higher than at any time in at least 2 million years.The emissions that cause climate change come from every part of the world and affect everyone, but some countries produce much more than others.The seven biggest emitters alone (China, the United States of America, India, the European Union, Indonesia, the Russian Federation, and Brazil) accounted for about half of all global greenhouse gas emissions in 2020.

Find out more about these and other indicators of climate change on our global climate dashboardand extremes dashboard. Impacts of climate change Our climate newsletter shares research and news to give you the latest updates on climate science. We publish the newsletter twice a month and it's easy to sign up. If we want to avoid significant increases in the average surface temperature, we must cut greenhouse gas emissions and switch to renewable energy sources. We must also use land more sustainably and may need to use techniques to remove carbon dioxide from the air.I read this book partly due my love of Hilary Mantel (based around her simply outstanding Wolf Hall/Bring Up the Bodies/The Mirror and The Light trilogy of novels and equally outstanding plays but also due to its setting in Norfolk. Changes observed in Earth’s climate since the mid-20th century are driven by human activities, particularly fossil fuel burning, which increases heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels in Earth’s atmosphere, raising Earth’s average surface temperature. Natural processes, which have been overwhelmed by human activities, can also contribute to climate change, including internal variability (e.g., cyclical ocean patterns like El Niño, La Niña and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation) and external forcings (e.g., volcanic activity, changes in the Sun’s energy output, variations in Earth’s orbit). Since then, the IPCC has published a report explaining the different impacts between a 1.5 or 2°C temperature rise. It showed that there are many benefits for people all over the world in limiting temperatures to 1.5°C. Large and rapid reductions in global greenhouse gas emissions are needed to meet this goal, however. There are too many elements to the story. It does not hold together as it should. One is given at least three different stories—the long awaited, climactic events in Africa, an attempted suicide of a teenage delinquent, a midlife crisis and an adulterous affair. Do one story well rather than taping together three.