Ana on the Edge

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Cassani, F; Cataleta, M; Valentini, P; Muratori, P; Giostra, F; Francesconi, R; Muratori, L; Lenzi, M; Bianchi, G; Zauli, D; Bianchi, F B (1 September 1997). "Serum autoantibodies in chronic hepatitis C: Comparison with autoimmune hepatitis and impact on the disease profile". Hepatology. 26 (3): 561–566. doi: 10.1002/hep.510260305. PMID 9303483. S2CID 3228360. Connective tissue diseases that we in rheumatology treat, like Lupus, Sjogren, scleroderma, inflammatory myositis, vasculitis, and even rheumatoid arthritis. ANA expanded its international services gradually: to Beijing, Dalian, Hong Kong and Sydney in 1987; to Seoul in 1988; to London and Saipan in 1989; to Paris in 1990 and to New York and Singapore in 1991. [21] [22] Airbus equipment such as the A320 and A321 was added to the fleet in the early 1990s, as was the Boeing 747-400 jet. ANA joined the Star Alliance in October 1999. [23] ANA Cargo and the United States-based United Parcel Service have a cargo alliance and a code-share agreement, similar to an airline alliance, to transport member cargo on UPS Airlines aircraft. [56] [57] The introduction of the concept also discontinued the use of the name "Club ANA", which was used for its international business class seats (changing into a generic business class name) as well as the name of the lounges (all lounges for both first class and business class are named "ANA Lounge", with the first class lounge called the "ANA Suite Lounge" and its arrival lounge the "ANA Arrival Lounge").

Flynn, David (31 July 2014). "ANA to beat Air NZ to the world's first commercial Boeing 787-9 Dreamliner flight". Australian Business Traveller . Retrieved 8 October 2015.Deliveries finally began in late 2011 when ANA received its first Boeing 787 on 21 September, the first-ever Dreamliner to be delivered in the world. ANA flew its first Boeing 787 passenger flight on 26 October 2011, which operated as a charter flight from Tokyo Narita to Hong Kong. [90] ANA also became the second airline to receive the Boeing 787-9 on 28 July 2014. Despite being second, the airline preceded launch customer Air New Zealand for the first commercial flight on the 787-9, a special sightseeing charter for Japanese and American school children on 4 August. [91] [92] Historic fleet [ edit ] An All Nippon Airways Boeing 747-400 and a Boeing 737-700ER at Narita Airport in 2010. Both types have been since retired. Let ANA inspire you in 2010. Starting with our Narita-New York flights". All Nippon Airways. Archived from the original on 14 November 2009 . Retrieved 16 November 2009.

a b González-Buitrago, JM; González, C (March 2006). "Present and future of the autoimmunity laboratory". Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry. 365 (1–2): 50–7. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2005.07.023. PMID 16126186. Tests for specific antibodies (called ENA and dsDNA tests) are almost never positive in patients who get a negative ANA result. These specific tests generally should not be requested in patients with negative ANA test results. Indirect immunofluorescence is one of the most commonly used tests for ANAs. Typically, HEp-2 cells are used as a substrate to detect the antibodies in human serum. Microscope slides are coated with HEp-2 cells and the serum is incubated with the cells. If the said and targeted antibodies are present then they will bind to the antigens on the cells; in the case of ANAs, the antibodies will bind to the nucleus. These can be visualised by adding a fluorescent tagged (usually FITC or rhodopsin B) anti-human antibody that binds to the antibodies. The molecule will fluoresce when a specific wavelength of light shines on it, which can be seen under the microscope. Depending on the antibody present in the human serum and the localisation of the antigen in the cell, distinct patterns of fluorescence will be seen on the HEp-2 cells. [51] [52] Levels of antibodies are analysed by performing dilutions on blood serum. An ANA test is considered positive if fluorescence is seen at a titre of 1:40/1:80. Higher titres are more clinically significant as low positives (≤1:160) are found in up to 20% of healthy individuals, especially the elderly. Only around 5% of the healthy population have ANA titres of 1:160 or higher. [8] [53] HEp-2 [ edit ] Nucleolar staining pattern of ANAs Burdt, Mark A.; Hoffman, Robert W.; Deutscher, Susan L.; Wang, Grace S.; Johnson, Jane C.; Sharp, Gordon C. (1 May 1999). "Long-term outcome in mixed connective tissue disease: Longitudinal clinical and serologic findings". Arthritis & Rheumatism. 42 (5): 899–909. doi: 10.1002/1529-0131(199905)42:5<899::AID-ANR8>3.0.CO;2-L. PMID 10323445. The mechanism of antibody production in Sjögren's syndrome is not fully understood, but apoptosis (programmed cell death) and molecular mimicry may play a role. [12] The Ro and La antigens are expressed on the surface of cells undergoing apoptosis and may cause the inflammation within the salivary gland by interaction with cells of the immune system. The antibodies may also be produced through molecular mimicry, where cross reactive antibodies bind to both virus and human proteins. This may occur with one of the antigens, Ro or La, and may subsequently produce antibodies to other proteins through a process known as epitope spreading. The retroviral gag protein shows similarity to the La protein and is proposed as a possible example for molecular mimicry in Sjögren's syndrome. [12] [20] Anti-Sm [ edit ]Sjögren’s syndrome: Between 50-75% of patients with this condition have a positive ANA test result. Your doctor may want to do two more specific tests, called anti- SSA and anti-SSB antibodies, to help confirm the diagnosis of Sjögren's Twelve Pokémon-themed jets: five Boeing 747-400s, four Boeing 767-300, one Boeing 777-300, one Boeing 777-300ER [110] and one Boeing 787-9 [111] It is important to understand that positive ANA results may be found in healthy people without autoimmune disease, particularly the elderly and pregnant people. Therefore positive ANA results in elderly and pregnant patients must be interpreted cautiously making use of all of the clinical information about the patient. Positive ANA results can also be seen in some viral infections or inflammatory conditions that are not autoimmune diseases, so it is important that test results are interpreted with caution. However, more specific tests can be done to help interpret the positive ANA results (see below). Apology> Delay in Flight Commencement of the New Boeing 777-300ER Aircraft and Change of Launch Date for New Brand and Service - ANA Sky Web". Archived from the original on 13 April 2014 . Retrieved 10 May 2015. JCN Newswire - Asia Press Release Distribution". japancorp.net. Archived from the original on 19 December 2010.

Anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies are highly associated with SLE. They are a very specific marker for the disease, with some studies quoting nearly 100%. [8] Data on sensitivity ranges from 25 to 85%. Anti-dsDNA antibody levels, known as titres, correlate with disease activity in SLE; high levels indicate more active lupus. The presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies is also linked with lupus nephritis and there is evidence they are the cause. Some anti-dsDNA antibodies are cross reactive with other antigens found on the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) of the kidney, such as heparan sulphate, collagen IV, fibronectin and laminin. Binding to these antigens within the kidney could cause inflammation and complement fixation, resulting in kidney damage. Presence of high DNA-binding and low C3 levels have been shown to have extremely high predictive value (94%) for the diagnosis of SLE. [37] It is also possible that the anti-dsDNA antibodies are internalised by cells when they bind membrane antigens and then are displayed on the cell surface. This could promote inflammatory responses by T-cells within the kidney. It is important to note that not all anti-dsDNA antibodies are associated with lupus nephritis and that other factors can cause this symptom in their absence. The antigen of anti-dsDNA antibodies is double stranded DNA. [38] [39] Anti-histone antibodies [ edit ] Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727-281 JA8329 Shizukuishi". aviation-safety.net . Retrieved 21 March 2019.ANA wants passengers to go before they go". Airline Biz Blog. The Dallas Morning News. 7 October 2009. Archived from the original on 8 July 2011 . Retrieved 1 October 2012. Lacroix M (January 2008). "Persistent use of "false" cell lines". Int. J. Cancer. 122 (1): 1–4. doi: 10.1002/ijc.23233. PMID 17960586. S2CID 27432788. Since February 2010 ANA offers women's-only lavatories on international flights. [126] The first Boeing 787 the airline received have the bidets in both economy and business class lavatory. [127] Inflight magazine [ edit ] a b Ulvestad, E (March 2001). "Performance characteristics and clinical utility of a hybrid ELISA for detection of ANA". APMIS. 109 (3): 217–22. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0463.2001.090305.x. PMID 11430499. S2CID 22229427.