Solaray, Lithium Aspartate, 5 mg, 100 Capsules

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Kanehisa M, Terao T, Shiotsuki I, Kurosawa K, Takenaka R, Sakamoto T, Shigemitsu O, Ishii N, Hatano K, Hirakawa H Serum lithium levels and suicide attempts: a case-controlled comparison in lithium therapy-naive individuals. Psychopharmacology 2017, 234(22):3335–3342

Ohgami H, Terao T, Shiotsuki I, Ishii N, Iwata N (2009) Lithium levels in drinking water and risk of suicide. Br J Psychiatry 194:464–465 Kjølholt J, Stuer-Lauridsen F, Skibsted Morgensen A, Havelund S (2003) The elements in the second rankan environmental problem now or in the future? Environmental Project No. 770. Miljøprojekt. Danish EPA. Danish Ministry of the Environment Inhibiting the GSK3 enzyme may also help maintain healthy glucose levels already within normal range. 5,6 Helbich M, Leitner M, Kapusta N (2012) Geospatial examination of lithium in drinking water and suicide mortality. Int J Health Geogr 11:19 It is still important to note that weight gain and hypothyroidism (a condition that can also cause weight gain) can increase feelings of depression and may pose a risk if your anxiety is complicated by depression.It is hypothesized that a very low Li intake can cause mood worsening and increase impulsiveness and nervousness [ 84]. This is partially supported by the increased frequency of suicide attempts, homicides, and acts of violence observed among populations within areas with low concentrations of Li in water resources (0–12 μg/L) [ 8, 57]. One of the hypotheses of the normothymic action of Li in the doses taken with the diet assumes that it may be required for the transport and absorption of vitamin B12 and folates that are involved in neuromodulation and the normal course of biochemical transformations in the central nervous system. Thus, limited intake of Li could also inhibit action of these compounds [ 17, 23]. The levels of Li in water and in food, and therefore its daily intake in some parts of the world, are low: below the provisional recommendation established by Schrauzer (2002) at 1000 μg [ 11, 58]. It was therefore suggested that in individuals inhabiting such regions, Li supplementation could be considered [ 23]. This would be possible either by using food supplements containing lower than therapeutic doses of Li or by introducing additional products enriched in this element, just as salt is commonly enriched with iodine.

Długaszek M, Kłos A, Bertrandt J (2012) Lithium supply in the daily food rations of students. Probl Hig Epidemiol 93(4):867–870 Cui J, Shao L, Young LT, Wang JF (2007) Role of glutathione in neuroprotective effects of mood stabilizing drugs lithium and valproate. Neuroscience 144(4):1447–1453 While lithium is in your body, it affects neurotransmitters that are involved in the body’s stress reactions. The function of these neurotransmitters in stress reactions and lithium’s effects on them are outlined below. Neuroprotective effects of lithium (Li) have been well documented in tissue cultures and animal models. 1 , 2 It has been suggested that Li has neuroprotective effects in humans, 3 , 4 but the data are still limited. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) allows for in vivo, noninvasive measurement of concentrations of certain chemicals, including N-acetylaspartate (NAA). N-acetylaspartate is the most dominant proton MRS peak and one of the most abundant amino acids in the brain, where it is predominantly localized in neurons and absent in mature glia. As such, NAA is considered a putative neuronal marker, which is decreased in conditions characterized by loss of neurons or axons, e.g., stroke, Alzheimer dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury and epilepsy. In addition, NAA synthesis is dependent on energy metabolism. Decreased levels of NAA have been used as an indirect marker of neuronal/axonal loss or compromised neuronal metabolism. 5 – 7 Rybakowski JK, Lehmann W (1994) Decreased activity of erythrocyte membrane ATPases in depression and schizophrenia. Neuropsychobiol 30(1):11–14Lieu C.A., Dewey C.M., Chinta S.J., Rane A., Rajagopalan S., Batir S., Kim Y.H., Andersen J.K. Lithium prevents parkinsonian behavioral and striatal phenotypes in an aged parkin mutant transgenic mouse model. Brain Res. 2014; 1591:111–117. [ PMC free article] [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Pauzé DK, Brooks DE (2007) Lithium toxicity from an internet dietary supplement. J Med Toxicol 3(2):61–62

As this was a pilot study with limited funding, a step-wise approach was used to prioritize the blood-based therapeutic target assessments. In the initial eight patients enrolled, PBMC Nurr1 and SOD1 mRNA, serum BDNF and plasma alpha-synuclein were assessed to determine the most promising blood-based therapeutic targets to assess in the remaining patients. PBMC Nurr1 and SOD1 mRNA were assessed by Taqman quantitative, real-time polymerase chain reaction (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). Values were normalized to actin levels. Serum BDNF was assessed by ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN). Plasma alpha-synuclein was assessed by ultra-sensitive, immunomagnetic reduction assay (MagQu, Taiwan). PBMC GSK3β (total and serine 9 phosphorylated (pS9) levels) were assessed by PathScan ELISA kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA) in the patients who had adequate PBMC protein to support these assays. In the final nine patients, only PBMC Nurr1 and SOD1 were assessed as these showed the most promise in the initial eight patients. With this approach, enough funding was preserved to obtain MRI scans at baseline and 24 weeks in six patients receiving lithium (two from each lithium dosage group chosen consecutively). Kszos LA, Beauchamp JJ, Stewart AJ (2003) Toxicity of lithium to three freshwater organisms and the antagonistic effect of sodium. Ecotoxicol 2003(12):427–437Dorsey E.R., Bloem B.R. The Parkinson pandemic-a call to action. JAMA Neurol. 2018; 75:9–10. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Lawson R.A., Yarnall A.J., Duncan G.W., Breen D.P., Khoo T.K., Williams-Gray C.H., Barker R.A., Collerton D., Taylor J.P., Burn D.J., group I-Ps Cognitive decline and quality of life in incident Parkinson's disease: the role of attention. Park. Relat. Disord. 2016; 27:47–53. [ PMC free article] [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Andersson J.L., Skare S., Ashburner J. How to correct susceptibility distortions in spin-echo echo-planar images: application to diffusion tensor imaging. Neuroimage. 2003; 20:870–888. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Most notably, low-dose lithium seems to have a strong potential to help those suffering from depression. The Case for Treating Depression with Lithium

Williams RSB, Cheng L, Mudge AW, Harwood AJ (2002) A common mechanism of action for three mood-stabilizing drugs. Nature 417:292–295 A more parsimonious explanation is that our results provide indirect evidence for the neuroprotective/neurotrophic effects of Li. This is further supported by the negative association between NAA and duration of illness that was present in the non-Li, but not in the Li group. It is difficult to distinguish whether these effects were caused by direct neurochemical effects of Li on the pathways involved in apoptosis and neuroprotection, or whether this was an indirect clinical effect related to prevention of further illness burden. A prospective study would be better suited to distinguish between these options. It is of note that the non-Li group had lower pre-frontal NAA levels than the Li group, despite having comparable duration of illness and number of episodes. In addition, recent studies have shown association between levels of Li and NAA in the brain, 36 as well as increases in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor in Li-treated patients. 37 Even more interestingly, Li slowed the decline in cognitive performance and decreased the levels of phosphorylated tau in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. 38 Together with the wealth of preclinical data, these studies appear to argue for a direct neuroprotective/neurotrophic effect of Li. Müller-Oerlinghausen B, Imiela M (June 1986). "Is lithium aspartate at low serum levels more effective than the usual lithium salts?". Nervenarzt. 57 (6): 370–3. PMID 3736729.

Lithium in Your Body

Kousa A, Mattila S, Nikkarinen M (2013) High tech-metals in the environment and health. Lithium and cobalt. Geologian Tutkimuskeskus 53:2–14 An equally interesting aspect of the action of Li is its effect on morphological changes in the blood, resulting in modulation of the immune system response. It is suggested that this element has a complex immunomodulating effect, including suppressor activity and interactions between different classes of white blood cells [ 7]. As shown in clinical trials, Li induces granulocytosis [ 36] and lymphopenia [ 37] but increases the immunological activity of monocytes, NK cells, and lymphocytes, particularly increases the synthesis of IgG and IgM immunoglobulins by B cells [ 7, 38, 39, 40]. Sarkar S., Floto R.A., Berger Z., Imarisio S., Cordenier A., Pasco M., Cook L.J., Rubinsztein D.C. Lithium induces autophagy by inhibiting inositol monophosphatase. J. Cell Biol. 2005; 170:1101–1111. [ PMC free article] [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Schrauzer GN, de Vroey E (1994) Effects of nutritional lithium supplementation on mood: a placebo-controlled study with former drug users. Biol Trace Elem Res 40(1):89–101