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Corbee, R.J.; Maas, H.; Doornenbal, A.; Hazewinkel, H.A.W. (1 October 2014). "Forelimb and hindlimb ground reaction forces of walking cats: Assessment and comparison with walking dogs". The Veterinary Journal. 202 (1): 116–127. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.07.001. ISSN 1090-0233. PMID 25155217. US National Research Council Subcommittee on Dog and Cat Nutrition (2006). Nutrient Requirements of Dogs and Cats. Washington DC: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. p.292. ISBN 978-0-309-08628-8. Skeleton Sweatshirt,Skeleton And Cat Hoodie,Gifts For Cat Lovers Shirts,Skeleton Love,Cat Lady,Cat Mom,Cat Clothing,Cat Dad,Cat Tees,PC6396 The deltoid muscles lie just lateral to the trapezius muscles, originating from several fibers spanning the clavicle and scapula, converging to insert at the humerus. Anatomically, there are only two deltoids in the cat, the acromiodeltoid and the spinodeltoid. However, to conform to human anatomy standards, the clavobrachialis is now also considered a deltoid and is commonly referred to as the clavodeltoid. Food then moves on to the jejunum. This is the most nutrient absorptive section of the small intestine. The liver regulates the level of nutrients absorbed into the blood system from the small intestine. From the jejunum, whatever food that has not been absorbed is sent to the ileum which connects to the large intestine. [31] The first part of the large intestine is the cecum and the second portion is the colon. The large intestine reabsorbs water and forms fecal matter.Acromiotrapezius is the middle trapezius muscle. It covers the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the scapula. Its origin is the neural spines of the cervical vertebrae and its insertion is in the metacromion process and fascia of the clavotrapezius. Its action is to draw the scapula to the dorsal, and hold the two scapula together.

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Cat Digestive System is integral to the absorption of nutrients". cat-health-detective.com . Retrieved 23 March 2018. This muscle's origin is the lumbodorsal fascia and ribs. Its insertion is at the pubis and linea alba (via aponeurosis), and its action is the compression of abdominal contents. It also laterally flexes and rotates the vertebral column. Cats are also able to walk very precisely. Adult cats walk with a "four-beat gait", meaning that each foot does not step on the same spot as any other. Whether they walk fast or slowly, a cat's walk is considered symmetric because the right limbs imitate the position of the left limbs as they walk. This type of locomotion provides a sense of touch on all four paws that is necessary for precise coordination. [9]This muscle is the innermost abdominal muscle. Its origin is the second sheet of the lumbodorsal fascia and the pelvic girdle and its insertion is the linea alba. Its action is the compression of the abdomen.

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The acromiodeltoid is the shortest of the deltoid muscles. It lies lateral to (to the side of) the clavodeltoid, and in a more husky cat it can only be seen by lifting or reflecting the clavodeltoid. It originates at the acromion process and inserts at the deltoid ridge. When contracted, it raises and rotates the humerus outward. The stomach of the cat can be divided into distinct regions of motor activity. The proximal end of the stomach relaxes when food is digested. [30] While food is being digested this portion of the stomach either has rapid stationary contractions or a sustained tonic contraction of muscle. [30] These different actions result in either the food being moved around or the food moving towards the distal portion of the stomach. [30] The distal portion of the stomach undergoes rhythmic cycles of partial depolarization. [29] This depolarization sensitizes muscle cells so they are more likely to contract. The stomach is not only a muscular structure, it also serves a chemical function by releasing hydrochloric acid and other digestive enzymes to break down food.

The serratus dorsalis is medial to both the scapula and the serratus ventralis. Its origin is via aponeurosis following the length of the mid-dorsal line, and its insertion is the dorsal portion of the last ribs. Its action is to depress and retracts the ribs during breathing. The serratus ventralis is exposed by cutting the wing-like latissimus dorsi. The said muscle is covered entirely by adipose tissue. The origin is from the first nine or ten ribs and from part of the cervical vertebrae. Cats are able to tolerate quite high temperatures: Humans generally start to feel uncomfortable when their skin temperature passes about 38°C (100°F), but cats show no discomfort until their skin reaches around 52°C (126°F), [26] :46 and can tolerate temperatures of up to 56°C (133°F) if they have access to water. [38] Temperature regulation [ edit ] The temporalis is a great mass of mandibular muscle, and is also covered by a tough and shiny fascia. It lies dorsal to the zygomatic arch and fills the temporal fossa of the skull. It arises from the side of the skull and inserts into the coronoid process of the mandible. It too, elevates the jaw. Skeleton Hand Cat Metal Wall LED Light, Skeleton Wall Hanging, Cat Halloween Decoration, Metal Sign, Home Decor Indoor, Housewarming Gift

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This technique can be useful when attempting to treat or move an uncooperative cat; however, since an adult cat is heavier than a kitten, a pet cat should never be carried by the scruff, but should instead have its weight supported at the rump and hind legs, and at the chest and front paws. [ original research?] A pronounced primordial pouch in a male Tabby mix Primordial pouches [ edit ] The most anterior of the trapezius muscles, it is also the largest. Its fibers run obliquely to the ventral surface. Its origin is the superior nuchal line and median dorsal line and its insertion is the clavicle. Its action is to draw the clavicle dorsally and towards the head. Pectoantebrachialis muscle is just one-half-inch wide and is the most superficial in the pectoral muscles. Its origin is the manubrium of the sternum, and its insertion is in a flat tendon on the fascia of the proximal end of the ulna. Its action is to draw the forelimb towards the chest. There is no human equivalent.Miao, Huaibin; Fu, Jun; Qian, Zhihui; Ren, Luquan; Ren, Lei (23 November 2017). "How does the canine paw pad attenuate ground impacts? A multi-layer cushion system". Biology Open. 6 (12): 1889–1896. doi: 10.1242/bio.024828. ISSN 2046-6390. PMC 5769641. PMID 29170241. Reighard, Jacob; Jennings, H. S. (1901). Anatomy of the cat. New York: H. Holt and Company. doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.54000. Armes, Annetta F. (22 December 1900). "Outline of Cat Lessons". The School Journal. LXI: 659 . Retrieved 12 November 2007. Spinotrapezius, also called thoracic trapezius, is the most posterior of the three. It is triangular shaped. Posterior to the acromiotrapezius and overlaps latissimus dorsi on the front. Its origin is the neural spines of the thoracic vertebrae and its insertion is the scapular fascia. Its action is to draw the scapula to the dorsal and caudal region.