However, only 50% of NDCs include gender-related adaptation actions, whereas a more substantial 95% of NAPs and 71.4% of Adaptation Communications incorporate gender-based adaptation action. Mr Gove says he was "making clear to Number 10" that there was an issue within weeks of being appointed a minister for the Cabinet Office.

It's therefore worth remembering why people are conditioned to think that boys are more boisterous and take note of the times this is not true. My daughter is certainly just as loud – if not more so – as her brother, while he also loves pretending to cook. While these are not necessarily representative examples, they also don't fit into our ideas of what boys and girls like. It would be easy for me to otherwise have highlighted my son's propensity to climb on everything and my daughter's preference for pink, glossing over the numerous times she plays with cars and he with dolls. Her father, Osama, said: “The Israeli soldiers shot her in the leg and arrested her, accusing her of carrying a knife, even though she was not.

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Language plays a powerful role too – girls reportedly speak earlier, a small but identifiable effect but this could be due to the fact that research also shows that mothers speak more to their baby girls than to baby boys. They speak more about emotions to girls too. In other words, we unknowingly socialise girls to believe they are more talkative and emotional, and boys aggressive and physical. When we consider physiological responses to situations that might invoke empathy, women and men actually respond the same, it's just that from an early age, women have been socialised to act upon this apparently feminine emotion more.

Hugo Keith, counsel for the inquiry, begins his questioning of Levelling Up Secretary Michael Gove with questions about his ministerial roles throughout the COVID pandemic. My daughter is obsessed with all things girly and pink. She gravitated to pink flowery dresses that are typically marketed for girls before she even turned two. When she was three and we saw a group of children playing football, I suggested she could join in when she was a bit older. "Football is not for girls," she replied, firmly. We carefully pointed out that girls, though in the minority, were playing too. She was unconvinced. However, she's also boisterous and loves to climb and jump, attributes often described as boyish. The minister said the department "acquired additional responsibilities" both before he took it on and during his tenure.In 2019, girls moved into the primary school, and in 2020 they joined the rest of the secondary school. This has consequences though. If we only give girls and not boys dolls or beauty sets, it primes them to associate themselves with these interests. Boys can be primed to like more active pursuits by toy tools and cars. Brown and colleagues have now also argued in a 2020 paper that sexual assault by men against women is so common precisely because of the values we condition onto children. This socialisation comes from a combination of parents, schools, the media and peers. "Sexual objectification for girls starts really early," says Brown. The brief provides a comprehensive overview of gender integration in current National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), Adaptation Communications, and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs, national climate action plans).