Clubstudie 2021: Initiative Musik legt Einzelauswertungen der Bundesländer vor" [Club Study 2021: Initiative Musik presents individual evaluations of the German federal states]. Faze Magazin (in German). 20 September 2021. Archived from the original on 3 January 2022 . Retrieved 6 January 2022. In NRW behaupten sich immer mehr exotische Vögel". RP Online. 4 March 2007. Archived from the original on 17 May 2013 . Retrieved 16 January 2013. In the Roman Empire, the city was large and rich with a population of 40,000 in 100–200 AD. [41] The city was home to around 20,000 people in 1000 AD, growing to 50,000 in 1200 AD. The Rhineland metropolis still had 50,000 residents in 1300 AD. [42] [43] Smith, Benjamin E. (1895). "Augusta Ubiorum". The Century Cyclopedia of Names. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). New York: Century Co. p. 96. OCLC 237135281. Archives, The National. "The National Archives | World War II | Western Europe 1939–1945: Hamburg | Why did the RAF bomb cities?". www.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 7 February 2021 . Retrieved 28 January 2021.

Lipshiz, Cnaan (10 December 2018). "Soviet immigration, once a bane of Germany's Jews, has become their salvation". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Archived from the original on 10 December 2018 . Retrieved 29 October 2020. Forum for Internet Technology in Contemporary Art – collections of Internet-based art, corporate part of (NewMediaArtProjectNetwork):cologne, the experimental platform for art and New Media After the defeat of the Prussian Army at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt, the Treaty of Tilsit in 1807 made the Westphalian territories part of the Kingdom of Westphalia from 1807 to 1813. It was founded by Napoleon and was a French vassal state. This state only shared the name with the historical region; it contained only a relatively small part of Westphalia, consisting instead mostly of Hessian and Eastphalian regions. The first urban settlement on the grounds of modern-day Cologne was Oppidum Ubiorum, founded in 38 BCE by the Ubii, a Cisrhenian Germanic tribe. In 50 CE, the Romans founded Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium (Cologne) on the river Rhine [3] [6] and the city became the provincial capital of Germania Inferior in 85 CE. [6] It was also known as Augusta Ubiorum. [7] Considerable Roman remains can be found in present-day Cologne, especially near the wharf area, where a 1,900-year-old Roman boat was discovered in late 2007. [8] From 260 to 271, Cologne was the capital of the Gallic Empire under Postumus, Marius, and Victorinus. In 310, under emperor Constantine I, a bridge was built over the Rhine at Cologne. Roman imperial governors resided in the city and it became one of the most important trade and production centers in the Roman Empire north of the Alps. [3] Cologne is shown on the 4th century Peutinger Map. Glenfiddich Malt Master, Brian Kinsman In summary; two superb releases that visually look incredible (look out for a whole article dedicated to Glenfiddich’s bottle designs coming soon to GreatDrams) and taste brilliant… all at surprisingly fair prices (see below). Interestingly, both Glenfiddich IPA and Glenfiddich Project XX will be permanent additions to the Glenfiddich range, they are not limited editions.North Rhine-Westphalia features 30 of the 81 German municipalities with over 100,000 inhabitants, including Cologne (over 1 million), the state capital Düsseldorf, Dortmund and Essen (all about 550,000 inhabitants) and other cities predominantly located in the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan area, the largest urban area in Germany and the fourth-largest on the European continent. The location of the Rhine-Ruhr at the heart of the European Blue Banana makes it well connected to other major European cities and metropolitan areas like the Randstad, the Flemish Diamond and the Frankfurt Rhine-Main Region.

Cologne is considered "the secret golf capital of Germany". [88] The first golf club in North Rhine-Westphalia was founded in Cologne in 1906. [88] The city offers the most options and top events in Germany. [88] Especially in the 1970s and 1980s nightlife was attractive to young party people from Düsseldorf. In the meantime, tourism in particular is playing a certain role. Mönchengladbach has about 40 hotels (for example: Hotel Burgund) and inns as well as a youth hostel in the district Hardter Wald. In total there are about 2000 beds. The number of overnight stays is over 200,000 annually.a b c d e "Giving Beer A Home in the Rhineland". The Local. 28 July 2011. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011 . Retrieved 28 July 2011. Since 2009, the territory of Mönchengladbach has comprised four (previously ten) boroughs which are subdivided into 44 districts. [3]