Currently, we have not discovered any disadvantages of Mulondo powder. We also sell Entengo cream for external use. The analysis of phytochemicals such as phenolic, flavonoid, saponins, tannins, steroids, alkaloids, anthraquinones, terpenoids, triterpenoids, reducing sugar, and cardiac glycoside was determined by standard methods reported by Sofowora [ 36], Trease and Evans [ 37], and Harborne [ 38, 39]. Determination of GC-MS profile of MWL extracts We understand that you cannot fly to Africa to obtain Mondia whitei roots. Or even if you do get some, why would you bother to make a medicine out of these roots by yourselves? Liv Muztang, a well-known brand made from Mondia whytei roots, is well-known for its effectiveness in treating problems such as erectile dysfunction. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Kampala International University Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda Box HC, Patrzyc HB, Budzinski EE, Dawidzik JB, Freund HG, Zeitouni NC et al (2012) Profiling oxidative DNA damage: effects of antioxidants. Cancer Sci 103(11):2002–6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1349-7006.2012.02391.x

Traditional medicine and pharmacopoeia: contribution to ethnobotanical and floristic studies… - bookfever.com. Available from: https://bookfever.com/book/56051/Ethnobotany-Adjanohoun-EJ-Aboubakar-N-Dramane-Traditional-Medicine-and-Pharmacopoeia-CONTRIBUTION-TO-ETHNOBOTANICAL-AND-FLORISTI/. Cited 2020 Sep 23 Directions For Use: As a dietary supplement, take two or three capsules with water twice daily. The dosage on this product is fairly high. Results and usage amounts may vary based on body type and weight. You should experiment with the dosage. See Above. Spanou C, Veskoukis AS, Kerasioti T, Kontou M, Angelis A, Aligiannis N et al (2012) Flavonoid glycosides isolated from unique legume plant extracts as novel inhibitors of xanthine oxidase. PLoS One 7(3):e32214. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032214A groundbreaking paper on the treatment of rats with Mondia whitei induced a significant increase in serum and testicular testosterone levels, the testicular protein content as well as sperm density. Interestingly sperm motility or the speed and activity of sperms also increased. The observed increase in testicular protein content and weight may be the result of testosterone action. This increased sperm density observed in the cauda epididymis of the treated rats confirmed the androgenic effect of Mondia whitei. The findings of this study suggested that Mondia whitei possesses sex-stimulant property thus supporting its traditional use as an aphrodisiac. Mawunu M, Pedro M, Lautenschläger T, Biduayi FM, Kapepula PM, Ngbolua KN et al (2020) Nutritional value of two underutilized wild plant leaves consumed as food in northern Angola: Mondia whitei and Pyrenacantha klaineana. Eur J Nutr Food Saf 12(8):116–127 Onohuean H, Aigbogun EO Jr, Igere BE (2022) Meta-synthesis and science mapping analysis of HIV / HPV co-infection: a global perspective with emphasis on Africa, pp 1–20 The Fe 3+ reducing powers of the three MWL extracts were determined as previously reported with slight modification [ 34, 42]. Different concentrations (25–100 μg/ml) of the extracts (1.0 ml) were mixed with 2.5 ml phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) and 2.5 ml potassium ferricyanide (1%), followed by incubation at 50 °C for 30 min. After incubation, 2.5 ml of trichloroacetic acid (TCA, 10%) was added to terminate the reaction and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min. The upper portion of the solution (2.5 ml) was mixed with 2.5 ml of distilled water, and 0.5 ml of FeCl 3 solution (0.1%) was added. The reaction mixture was left for 10 min at room temperature, and the absorbance was measured at 700 nm against an appropriate blank solution. Ascorbic acid was used as a positive control/standard, and all tests were performed in duplicate. Higher absorbance of the reaction mixture indicated greater reducing power [ 43]. ABTS radical scavenging activity

Galucio NC, Moysés DD, Pina JR, Marinho PS, Gomes Júnior PC, Cruz JN et al (2022) Antiproliferative, genotoxic activities and quantification of extracts and cucurbitacin B obtained from Luffa operculata (L.) Cogn. Arab J Chem 15 (2):1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103589 M. Whitei can be cooked as vegetables, and this is a great substitute for greens in your food. The roots of this herb have a pasty consistency, so they can be used to flavor foods such as meat. With a history steeped in tradition, Mondia Whitei has been relied upon for generations by indigenous peoples in Africa. Its continued use attests to its reputation for effectiveness and its ability to contribute to a healthier and more fulfilling life. Sosa V, Moliné T, Somoza R, Paciucci R, Kondoh H, LLeonart ME (2013) Oxidative stress and cancer: an overview. Ageing Res Rev 12(1):376–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2012.10.004. Tendwa MB, Morris A (2016) Investigating effects of aqueous root extract of Mondia whitei in human sperm functionality. Int J Fertil Steril. 89734971Biopharmaceutics Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kampala International University Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda The mode of action of aphrodisiacs in this class is generally through induction of vasodilatation, to allow for erection to occur. This is very similar to the popular chemical, Sildenafil (Viagra) manufactured by Pfizer. This drug works competitively inhibiting type-V cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase enzyme (PDE) 9. Inhibition of this iso-enzyme increases stores of cGMP, the second messenger of nitric oxide and a mediator of vasodilatation to the penis, which relaxes corpus cavernosal smooth muscle cells and increases blood flow into cavernosal spaces. This leads to increased intracavernosal pressure, which is a necessity in producing erection. The main problem with Viagra are the potentially hazardous side effects especially for patients with heart or blood pressure conditions. Mondia whitei has been reported to have the ability to reduce the contraction of the guinea pig corpus cavernosum tissue thus relaxing the muscle, which is critical for inducing and sustaining the male erection. Previous studies have established that in addition to TH, FSH has inhibitory effects on programmed cell death. This shows that an increase in the levels of these androgenic hormones as observed in this study is an indication of the cytoprotective effects of Mondia whitei. The cytoprotective effects of progesterone especially in neuronal cell death may also occur via an indirect pathway in which the hormone is converted to estradiol ( 21, 22). Estrogen treatment increases the mitochondrial capacity for oxidative phosphorylation while simultaneously decreasing reactive oxygen species production. Specifically, progesterone inhibits mitochondrial complex I in a similar fashion to rotenone ( 23, 24). This finding suggests that although these hormones may not be supplemented in the diet, administration of the extracts and fractions of Mondia whitei can elicit the upregulation of the in vivo biosynthesis of these hormones. Mondia Whitei is one of the best herbs for sexual power. Nevertheless, a few people have encountered some side effects of this herb, such as itching, hives, and difficulty breathing. However, these side effects are not serious and can be dealt with with minuscule health care. How effective is Mondia Whitei? Flavourant/Drink The bitter tasting roots have a vanilla odour and a sweet after-taste and are used to make a beverage similar to ginger beer. In West Africa, the roots are used to make an energizing drink for wedding parties when the roots are brewed in alcohol. Mondia can be used as a tea. It has a sweet vanilla-like flavour. The roots are said to taste bitter at first and then sweet.