F]ascism is best defined as a revolutionary form of nationalism, one that sets out to be a political, social and ethical revolution, welding the "people" into a dynamic national community under new elites infused with heroic values. The core myth that inspires this project is that only a populist, trans-class movement of purifying, cathartic national rebirth (palingenesis) can stem the tide of decadence. Kitsikis, Dimitri (2005). Jean-Jacques Rousseau et les origines françaises du fascisme[ Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the French origins of fascism] (in French). Nantes: Ars Magna Editions.

His fascist state would provide a model for Adolf Hitler's later economic and political policies in Germany. Griffin argues that the above definition can be condensed into one sentence: "Fascism is a political ideology whose mythic core in its various permutations is a palingenetic form of populist ultra- nationalism." [17] The word "palingenetic" in this case refers to notions of national rebirth. Destra e gay, pace vicina. Alessandra Mussolini: tra loro ho molti amici" . Retrieved 8 July 2008. See also: "Alessandra: per una volta sono vicina alla sinistra" . Retrieved 8 July 2008. and "La Mussolini piace ai gay e mette in imbarazzo An" . Retrieved 8 July 2008. Fear of difference", which fascism seeks to exploit and exacerbate, often in the form of racism or an appeal against foreigners and immigrants. Gregor, A. James (1969). The Ideology of Fascism: The Rationale of Totalitarianism. New York: The Free Press. p.317. ISBN 9780029130308.

Mussolini’s rise to power

Benito Mussolini was an Italian political leader who ruled the country as Prime Minister from 1922 until his ousting in 1943. He is credited with leading Italy into World War II on the side of Nazi Germany and with helping to bring about the downfall of the liberal Western democracies. A controversial figure, Mussolini is remembered as a dictator who promoted Fascism and oversaw a period of brutal repression. In Trotsky’s posthumously published 1944 tract, Fascism: What It Is and How to Fight It, he noted: "The historic function of fascism is to smash the working class, destroy its organizations, and stifle political liberties when the capitalists find themselves unable to govern and dominate with the help of democratic machinery." [48] Clara Zetkin [ edit ] Cohn, N. (1970) [1957]. The Pursuit of the Millennium: Revolutionary Millenarians and Mystical Anarchists of the Middle Ages (revised and expandeded.). New York: Oxford University Press. Malmer, Daniel (19 August 2022). "The Long, Complicated History of the '14 Defining Characteristics of Fascism' ". When World War II began in September 1939 Mussolini was humiliatingly obliged to remain neutral, despite having signed the Pact of Steel, due to Italy being militarily unprepared. He entered the war on the side of the Axis on 10 June 1940, and sent forces to join the invasion of France. He invaded Greece in the autumn.

Kitsikis, Dimitri (2005). Pour une Etude scientifique du fascisme[ For a Scientific Study of Fascism] (in French). Nantes: Ars Magna Editions. Granted that the 19th century was the century of socialism, liberalism, democracy, this does not mean that the 20th century must also be the century of socialism, liberalism, democracy. Political doctrines pass; nations remain. We are free to believe that this is the century of authority, a century tending to the 'right', a Fascist century. If the 19th century were the century of the individual (liberalism implies individualism) we are free to believe that this is the 'collective' century, and therefore the century of the State. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 2,982 articles in the main category, and specifying |topic= will aid in categorization.A. James Gregor, co-founder of the International Association for the Advancement of Ethnology and Eugenics, a prominent group in the promotion of eugenics and segregation, affirmed that fascism was a "variant of Sorelian syndicalism" which also included components of neo-idealism and elitist socialism. [35] Gregor stated that Stalinism and Fascist totalitarianism would have been impossible without the "transmogrified Marxism, that infilled both". [36] According to Gregor: [37] Fascism is a religious conception in which man is seen in his immanent relationship with a superior law and with an objective Will that transcends the particular individual and raises him to conscious membership of a spiritual society. Whoever has seen in the religious politics of the Fascist regime nothing but mere opportunism has not understood that Fascism besides being a system of government is also, and above all, a system of thought.