Zhan et al. studied the influence of the number of hydroxyl substituents on the benzene ring on underwater adhesion [ 46]. Copolymers bearing three types of phenolic groups (phenol, catechol, and gallol) were synthesized and dissolved in a chloroform/methanol mixture (Fig. 2b). The gallol-based copolymer exhibited the strongest adhesiveness compared to the other two polymers under all tested environments (in air, water, and seawater). The results suggested that the tridentate structure has a stronger underwater interfacial bonding ability than the bidentate and monodentate structures.

underwater glue inspired by Scientists make powerful underwater glue inspired by

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underwater adhesion on diverse substrates using Ultrastrong underwater adhesion on diverse substrates using

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underwater glues from common - Nature Synthesis of robust underwater glues from common - Nature

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