The following offences relating to firearms are offences to which section 285 of the Sentencing Act 2020 (required life sentence for offences carrying a life sentence) is applicable: sections 16, 17(1), 17(2) and 18 of the Firearms Act 1968. Extended Sentences under the Sentencing Act 2020

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a relevant component part in relation to a lethal barrelled weapon or a prohibited weapon, as defined in section 57(1D); or Section 19 requires the shotgun to be loaded or for there to be possession of a firearm and suitable ammunition.

Section 16A may be more appropriate where the necessary intent for section 16 cannot be proved, as the intent to cause another to believe that unlawful violence will be used, is more readily inferred. Section 16A can be used where the firearm is an imitation.

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Section 4(1) of the Firearms Act 1968 creates an offence of shortening the barrel of a shotgun to a length less than 24 inches, subject to an exception under s4(2) relating to the replacement of a barrel.Unlike with "Realistic Imitation Firearms", it is not always necessary to obtain evidence from the Forensic Service Provider (FSP) on whether the thing is an imitation firearm. Evidence of a Firearms Officer will usually be sufficient expert evidence. Realistic Imitation Firearms identity theft such as subscribing the victim to services, purchasing goods and services in their name Where the weapon in question is not recovered, and thus its status remains unknown, it is not duplicitous to include the phrase "firearm or imitation firearm" in a count under sections 17 or 18 of the 1968 Act.

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The Violence Against Women and Girls (VAWG) Strategy provides an overarching framework for crimes identified as being primarily, but not exclusively, committed, by men against women within a context of power and control. Museums which hold a museum firearms licence are excluded from the scope of the new offence under section 8A(8) where the relevant weapon was deactivated prior to 8 April 2016. Importation of Firearms The technical standards for deactivating firearms which are currently in force in the UK are set out in the Home Office guidance Deactivated​ firearms: Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/2403. It should be noted that the deactivation standards set out in the Regulation do not cover all categories of firearm. Other categories of firearm therefore continue to be subject to deactivation standards in accordance with " Specifications for the adaptation of shotgun magazines and the deactivation of firearms: revised 2010". Such weapons should not be considered as a "defectively deactivated firearm". At 4.14 a number of factors are set out for consideration. This offending will often combine factors of seriousness, culpability and harm to the victim. It is highly likely that a prosecution will be required in the public interest.Given our evolutionary history this probably occurred most often during hunting (the sabre-tooth tiger has the better of you and there’s just no way out). So we do what a number of animals will, we “ play dead”. There are a large number of offences relating to firearms created by the Firearms Act 1968. This guidance only covers the more commonly occurring offences. For a full list of offences under the 1968 Act, prosecutors should refer to the table in Schedule 6 to that Act. This guidance also covers more commonly occurring offences relating to firearms under other acts. Possession of Firearms and Shotguns Without a Certificate Prosecutors should note that the evidential requirements of this offence may be harder to satisfy than those of simple possession under sections 1, 2 or 5 Firearms Act 1968. Offences relating to Realistic Imitation Firearms Refer to the Domestic Abuse prosecution guidance for further information about the gendered approach to prosecutions. Evidential considerations Rules 2 and 3 of the Firearms (Dangerous Air Weapons) Rules 1969 provide that an air weapon is specially dangerous where:

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Section 1 of the Firearms Act 1982 provides that in respect of readily convertible imitation firearms “the 1968 Act shall apply […] as it applies in relation to a firearm to which section 1 of that Act applies.” The effect is that offences under the 1968 Act will apply to imitation firearms falling within section 1 of the 1982 Act. This is subject to exceptions under section 2(2) of the 1982 Act in relation to certain sections of the 1968 Act: 4(3) and (4), 16 to 20 and 47. There may be an overlap between an offence contrary to section 1 or 2 and section 19 Firearms Act where a person with a firearm or loaded shotgun for which no certificate is held is in a public place. The following factors should be considered when determining the appropriate charge:

Further reading

In any proceedings for offences under the 1968 Act brought by virtue of section 1 of the 1982 Act, it is a defence for the accused to show that “he did not know and had no reason to suspect that the imitation firearm was so constructed or adapted as to be readily convertible into a firearm to which section 1 of [the 1968 Act] applies”: section 1(5) Firearms Act 1982. The burden is on the defendant to prove this on the balance of probabilities: R v Williams [2012] EWCA Crim 2162.