Like, if biodiversity is important for promoting resistance/resilience, how can an ecosystem increase their biodiversity? Food webs can be controlled by top-down mechanisms (predator abundance determines the abundance of lower trophic levels), bottom-up mechanisms (primary producer abundance determines the abundance of higher trophic levels), or a combination of both.

19.1: Introduction to and Components of Food Webs - Biology

Population structure, migration rates, and environmental refuge for prey are other possible causes for pyramids with biomass inverted.If a disturbance is severe enough, it may change an ecosystem beyond the point of recovery—push the ecosystem into a zone where it is no longer resilient. Gamma radiation is a high-frequency band of light that is invisible to people and can cause damage to human tissues when encountered in large doses. Matter is recycled through Earth’s ecosystems—though it may move from one ecosystem to another as it does when nutrients are washed away into a river 1 ‍ . On planet Earth, there are many different food chains that often overlap and interconnect, that play their part in the world's ecosystems. The size of each level in the pyramid generally represents biomass, which can be measured as the dry weight of an organism (Rickleffs 1996).

Food Web - Producers, Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Consumers Food Web - Producers, Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Consumers

Living organisms show “irritability,” meaning that they respond to stimuli or changes in their environment. Single celled photosynthetic organisms such as diatoms and cyanobacteria are generally the most important primary producers in the open ocean. Organisms that can synthesize their own food and usually serve as the foundation for all food chains. So we can see how the energy from the Sun is converted by plants then moves up the food chain to the top predator.Without these organisms, energy would not be available to other living organisms and life itself would not be possible. The communities support scavengers like hagfish, opportunists like bristle worms, and eventually enter a sulfophilic stage that appears similar to a hydrothermal vent community.