The impact of tongue-ties and their release on speech has been the subject of ongoing research. Let's take a look at some recent findings: Hypoglossal nerve, pharyngeal plexus, lingual nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve, facial nerve, vagus nerve, chorda tympani

Rest top teeth on bottom lip and blow gently for /f/. Use the same mouth placement for /v/; voiced. Put the tongue between the teeth /th/. Filiform papillae are the most abundant of the four types of papillae. They are stretched, conical, grey-white papillae that are covered in a heavy coat of keratinized squamous epithelium. By making the dorsal surface of the tongue rough, these papillae provide friction to allow movement of the food bolus during chewing. It should be noted that these papillae do not possess taste buds.These activities will support the phonics work you get from your child's school and are fun ways to work on reading and spelling without needing a pen and pencil! Tongue ties present differently in each child. Not all children with tongue ties have speech difficulties. Deep to the ventral muscles is the layer of transverse muscles of the tongue. They take a lateral route, extending from either side of the medial lingual septum (origin) to the fibrous submucosa along the lateral margins of the tongue (insertion). As these muscles contract, they cause the tongue to narrow and elongate. To improve tongue strength, we encourage the child to give his tongue full movement throughout his mouth. For this, you can try these exercises:

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This is a really useful activity to play with any new vocabualry to help children practise new words. Adil, Eelam Aalia. "Tongue Anatomy: Overview, Gross Anatomy, Pathophysiologic Variants". Emedicine.Medscape.Com, 2016, https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1899434-overview#showall. Accessed 19 Mar 2018.